Writer's choice Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Writer's choice - Assignment Example On day one, just after writing down my values, I remained determined to living by them to the latter. Most of my action were controlled by them as I frequently reflected on them whenever I engaged in any activity or interacted with colleagues and/or family members. For instance, I have been cautious not to hurt or cause any sort of discomfort to others as I interacted with them. I even let go a friend who deliberately splashed dirt on my just polished shoes. This was unlike the former me who would have reacted violently. Similarly, I have been keen in arriving for lectures in time and diligently perform all tasks that appertains to my academics. I would even consult colleagues and teachers on matters that I felt I needed further clarification. Essentially, I have been upbeat to attain the above mentioned themes. My stretch experience connects significantly to acceptance, which is one of the other core principles of ACT aside from values. Acceptance involves allowing or rather embracing the unpleasant thought in one minds until that moment when they fade away without any attempt to fight them off. Handling such thought in this manner helps minimize their negative impact on one’s life as they give a feeling that they are less threatening. It may also be seem that acceptance is just but a means to enhance a value based lifestyle (Bach and Daniel 43). In the course of my stretch, this principle has been critical in so far my interaction with the other colleagues is concerned. I have been such a person who is reserved that I detested other people from meddling into my affairs. Said in other words, I disliked those colleagues who poke their noses in what does not concern them. This behavior frustrated my relationship with classmates as I often felt that none of them wants the best for me. Nonetheless, my moment in stretch has serve to make me embrace the negative attitude towards my colleagues whenever it boggles my mind and

Corporate Structures and Governance Arrangements Vary Widely From Essay

Corporate Structures and Governance Arrangements Vary Widely From Country to Country - Essay Example In normal parlance, the corporate governance (CG) has given more emphasis on disclosure, internal mechanisms and transparency with much focus to the financiers of the business. As per OECD (2004), this does not connote that the significance of stakeholders in general is deprived off1. Initially, Jensen and Meckling (1976) advocated stakeholder theory and then followed by Freeman (1984) who advocated an agency concept of accountability. Enron scandal resulted in the introduction Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 which is a chief chapter in the vibrant annals of Anglo-American corporate governance renaissance2. As per OECD, managerial accountability elucidates governance responsibilities and roles and to make sure that shareholder’s interest and managerial interest are lined up and supervised by the board of directors3. The term â€Å" managerial accountability â€Å" can be defined as an understanding of a cluster of desired and predetermined yardsticks by which employees and manage ment alike, which can be gauged to be held responsible for specific actions or decision vis-a-vis some clearly explained role or responsibilities in a company4. As per Fisher(2004), the managerial accountability is nothing but the delegation of power which means of integrating relationships between institutions , demarcating responsibilities , improving legitimacy , controlling authority , and finally promoting democracy within a company and thus , the main goal of developing accountability is establishing trust in governance institutions in companies. In UK, the Cadbury Committee was asked to review those features of corporate governance especially pertaining to financial reporting and accountability as early in May 1991. This research essay will analyse in detail how the managerial accountability remain the same under corporate governance across various jurisdictions with particular emphasis to the USA , UK and Germany. Analysis What is Managerial Accountability? Stanton (1997) re fers Rosenfield finding on accountability as â€Å"the reasonable holding of one to be liable for personal decisions or to make a rejoinder to a charge where justiability is being ushered by an authority affiliation between the individuals concerned. From two perspectives, the authority relations can be assessed by two angles namely the stakeholder’s theory and the shareholder-value maximisation theory. As per Spira (2001), business organisations and individuals are discharged of their responsible obligations by disseminating the required information on a periodical basis to interested parties5. Business accountability connotes making the management of a company accountable for its performance and it includes making of business decisions on the proper usage of executive authority. Such business judgment can be employed only when the specific information is available. Further, accountability makes certain that the demeanour is compatible with the objects of the business, that it is consistent with the conditions that steer the company’s policy. In a way balancing the impact of the open market, which sets out prices and evaluates the real margin, a system of accountability offers objective yardsticks for administers and consulting performance. To evaluate the managerial accountability, it is necessary to assess the individual performance periodically whether it is the individual director, CEO, the outside auditor, the entire board or its officers and

Philosophy of a Child Care Center Essay Example for Free

Philosophy of a Child Care Center Essay Mission Our mission at â€Å" name of center† is to create a safe learning environment that implements the individual child’s developmental needs and interests with the help and collaboration of parents and community. Philosophy Statement Each activity at â€Å"name of center† is carefully coordinated to coincide with universal stages in all areas of children’s development: physical, cognitive, social/emotional, and creative. When children master a new level of ability, there are always experiences they can choose in order to gain new mastery. There are many opportunities provided for the children to practice physical skills, learn problem solving, gain knowledge of their environment, and practice interacting more effectively with others. We also believe that parents are a vital part of children’s learning experiences and are partners in the education and care of the children. This Philosophy, vision and mission are correlated with the Vygotsky belief that cognitive abilities develop from the interaction with more mature members of society. The social environment provides the intellectual support system that guides children in their development. Adults should structure learning experiences so that children gradually move from assisted performance to individual learning. This process is successful only when adults are sensitive to each child’s level of competence (Click Karkos, 2008). It is also connected with the approach associated with Piaget, which authors, Click and Karkos say, believes that children should construct their own knowledge through repeated interactions with people and objects. They experiment, consider their errors or misconceptions, and arrive at new conclusions (2008). References Click, Phyllis. , Karkos, Kimberly. (2008) Administration of Programs for Young Children. Seventh Ed. Clinton Park, NY: Delmar Learning

Philip Slater’s The Pursuit of Loneliness :: Philip Slater Pursuit Loneliness Essays

Philip Slater’s The Pursuit of Loneliness The purpose of Philip Slater’s book The Pursuit of Loneliness is to â€Å"reach some understanding of the forces which are unraveling our society† for his readers (xxii). It is a common conception that America is the best country, an idea which is substantiated by economic figures. However, Americans are not happy. According to Slater, â€Å"all societies frustrate certain human needs and satiate others (because) humanity and any particular society’s idea of what humanity should be is never very exact† (2). In America, the gap between reality and perception is growing farther and farther apart, at human expense. Americans work their entire lives for the future, in the pursuit of economic security, which ultimately leads to continued unhappiness in the present. American culture â€Å"struggles more and more violently to maintain itself, (but) is less and less able to hide its fundamental antipathy towards human life and human satisfaction† (122). Sla ter’s book teaches people about the existence of the â€Å"wide gap between the fantasies Americans live by and the realities they live in,† in the hopes that this will inspire people to react in positive ways (xxiii). Cooperation played a major role in the development of homo sapiens as the dominant species on earth. Americans do not understand its importance. It is understandable to place an extremely high level of importance upon self reliance in a dog eat dog society, but individualism has become fear and loathing of others. This motivates people to develop ways they can spend less time with each other. The ultimate expression of individualism, driving a car, illustrates the problem of denying â€Å"the reality of human interdependence† (30). â€Å"Some people can’t afford to heat their homes because we all want to ride expensive vehicles on crowded roads at high speeds, killing one another and polluting the atmosphere† (2). This situation cannot be repaired until we accept the inherent power in cooperation. â€Å"The more we try to solve our problems by increasing personal autonomy, the more we find ourselves at the mercy of these mysterious, impersonal, and remote mechan isms that we have ourselves created† (48). A large part of this problem is that many Americans buy into the ploys of capitalism, sacrificing happiness for material gain. â€Å"Americans have voluntarily created, and voluntarily maintained, a society which increasingly frustrates and aggravates† them (8). Society’s uncontrolled development results in an artificial sense of scarcity which ensures â€Å"a steady flow of output† (78). Philip Slater’s The Pursuit of Loneliness :: Philip Slater Pursuit Loneliness Essays Philip Slater’s The Pursuit of Loneliness The purpose of Philip Slater’s book The Pursuit of Loneliness is to â€Å"reach some understanding of the forces which are unraveling our society† for his readers (xxii). It is a common conception that America is the best country, an idea which is substantiated by economic figures. However, Americans are not happy. According to Slater, â€Å"all societies frustrate certain human needs and satiate others (because) humanity and any particular society’s idea of what humanity should be is never very exact† (2). In America, the gap between reality and perception is growing farther and farther apart, at human expense. Americans work their entire lives for the future, in the pursuit of economic security, which ultimately leads to continued unhappiness in the present. American culture â€Å"struggles more and more violently to maintain itself, (but) is less and less able to hide its fundamental antipathy towards human life and human satisfaction† (122). Sla ter’s book teaches people about the existence of the â€Å"wide gap between the fantasies Americans live by and the realities they live in,† in the hopes that this will inspire people to react in positive ways (xxiii). Cooperation played a major role in the development of homo sapiens as the dominant species on earth. Americans do not understand its importance. It is understandable to place an extremely high level of importance upon self reliance in a dog eat dog society, but individualism has become fear and loathing of others. This motivates people to develop ways they can spend less time with each other. The ultimate expression of individualism, driving a car, illustrates the problem of denying â€Å"the reality of human interdependence† (30). â€Å"Some people can’t afford to heat their homes because we all want to ride expensive vehicles on crowded roads at high speeds, killing one another and polluting the atmosphere† (2). This situation cannot be repaired until we accept the inherent power in cooperation. â€Å"The more we try to solve our problems by increasing personal autonomy, the more we find ourselves at the mercy of these mysterious, impersonal, and remote mechan isms that we have ourselves created† (48). A large part of this problem is that many Americans buy into the ploys of capitalism, sacrificing happiness for material gain. â€Å"Americans have voluntarily created, and voluntarily maintained, a society which increasingly frustrates and aggravates† them (8). Society’s uncontrolled development results in an artificial sense of scarcity which ensures â€Å"a steady flow of output† (78).

National Bureau of Economic Research Essay

Go to the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) Web site, http://www. nber. org, and select New Working Papers. In the Google search space, type â€Å"alcohol. † Use the titles and summaries of the papers to answer the following questions relating to elasticity: (a) Do the mentally ill have perfectly inelastic demands for cigarettes and alcohol? Elasticity helps us define the relationship of changes in price and incomes to the effect of supply and demand. The question posed is: do the mentally ill have perfectly inelastic demands for cigarettes and alcohol? First, we must define what perfectly inelastic demand is. As defined by our textbook, a perfectly inelastic demand is one in which price change results in no change whatsoever in the quantity demanded. This is further defined as an extreme case. After reading a paper written by Henry Saffer and Dhaval Dave in 2002, the conclusions were rather convincing. When mental illness is not factored into price elasticity for cigarettes and alcohol, it is determined that raising the price of these addictive goods will lower the demand for them. The paper shows that mental illness raises the consumption of these addictive goods by 94% and 25% respectfully. Further, the test for elasticity was performed with this specific group in mind. It was determined that mental illness had no substantive effect on the price elasticity of cigarettes and alcohol. With this in mind it is easy to draw the conclusion that the mentally ill do not have perfectly inelastic demands for cigarettes and alcohol. Reference Working paper 8699 Mental Illness and the demand for alcohol, cocaine and cigarettes by Henry Saffer and Dhaval Dave. b) Does alcohol consumption increase in bad times? Before reading this article and looking at the question presented in front â€Å" does alcohol use increase in bad times? ’’ you would quickly determine that logically the answer is yes. With simple knowledge of alcohol intake one would be provoked to think alcohol in bad times can be used as self-medication to the lack of income. We have all seen that famous scene where a stressed individual will order numerous shots of hard liquor to ease their sorrow, but nevertheless with all that simple knowledge the answer to the question is actually no. By the research done in this paper by Christopher. J Ruhm he brings to light that alcohol intake doesn’t have a positive increase in bad times instead it has a decline in consumption. He uncovers that heavy drinkers decrease quite a lot with the loss of income, and that even recreational and binge drinking declines as well though at a smaller pace. As a whole, alcohol consumption doesn’t increase during bad times overall. Reference Working paper 8511 Does Drinking Really Decrease in Bad Times?  By Christoher Ruhm and William Black (c) What is the effect of cigarette taxes (and smuggling) on the consumption of alcohol? What does that imply about the cross elasticity of demand between the two? Tax implications and its effect on alcohol consumption were studied in detail in working paper 8962. This study was done in Canada. What the writer found was that higher tax rates for cigarettes wouldn’t stimulate alcohol consumption as a replacement habit. When smuggling was factored into the equation, it was found that in Canadian smuggling could have increased both cigarette and alcohol consumption. After analyzing the data with two different data sets and trying to determine cross elasticity, the first analysis determined that cigarettes and alcohol were complimentary, as cigarette consumption decreased, so did alcohol consumption, when smuggling is not factored. However, when a different data set is used, the FAMEX data, then the two were found to be independent. This forced the writer to concede that no conclusion could be drawn on the subject at the time, but that the writer could conclude that alcohol is not a substitute of cigarettes.

The Problem Of Child Sexual Abuse Essay - 856 Words

Introduction Child sexual abuse is one of the most serious public health problems and crimes in the world, resulting from the interaction of individual, family, social, and cultural factors (Pereda, Guilera, Forns, Gà ³mez-Benito, 2009). In China, there is increasing coverage about some particular cases and increasing number of reports to All-China Women’s Federation (ACWF) from only a hundred in second half of 1997 to over 3000 in 2000 (Long, 2007), but it could be believed that the number of cases is considerably less than the actual crimes. In order to further protect children and prevent CSA, it should understand the prevalence of CSA in China and explore whether there are some specific situations in China, such as the rates in cities and rural areas. According to two international meta-analysis research of CSA, the rate of CSA is comparatively lower in some Asian countries (Pereda et al., 2009; Stoltenborgh, van Ijzendoorn, Euser and Bakermans-Kranenburg, 2011). In the two meta-analy ses, the number of Chinese studies is higher than that of other Asian countries, so it may be believed that the CSA problem may be less serious in China than that in other countries. However, it is still questionable about the rate of the specific abusing type, including the contact CSA and the penetrative CSA, which may be higher for any gender than that in the international level. The comparisons between Chinese and international estimates This section aims to explore the prevalence ofShow MoreRelatedThe Problem Of Child Sexual Abuse1194 Words   |  5 PagesTopic/Problem Around the world there are sexual abuse victims suffering everyday from fear, pain, and emotions. â€Å"20.7% of adults report being sexually abused as a child† (Child Help, 2011). Often between the lines sexual abuse can be classified as a wide range of actions between a child and adult. 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However, this is1000 Words   |  4 Pagesthe beginning of a child’s life, he/she holds the key to their own destiny. However, this is no longer the case when child sexual abuse is brought in as a factor. In surveys conducted, it was indicated that six percent to sixty-two percent of women and two percent to fifteen percent of men have been victims of sexual abuse as a child (Finkelhor 79). That was not their choice. Abuse is the result of force - not from a person’s willingness to fulfill an act. Victims also have to cope with the aftereffectsRead More The Long-Term Effects of Childhood Sexual Abuse Essay1190 Words   |  5 PagesChild abuse is a serious issue in todays society. There are many victims of child abuse. There are three kinds of child abuse: emotional, sexual, and physical. Many researchers believe that sexual abuse is the most detrimental of the three. A middle-aged adult who is feeling depressed will probably not relate it back to his childhood, but maybe he should. 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Each category, in turn, covers a range of behavior. The maltreatment of children not only affects the children themselves, but also affects the family by making it dysfunctional. Physical Abuse   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Physical abuse may be best defined

Postal and Traditional State Abbreviations Reference Guide

Wondering when to use abbreviations versus the full names when writing about states? As a general rule, the names of states should be spelled out when they appear in sentences  but abbreviated in other contexts. For example: Our family had been  transferred from Endicott, New York, to Raleigh, North Carolina. That was the word used by the people at IBM, transferred.  (David Sedaris, Naked, 1997)Both  men were raised in the Midwest   (Garfield in Ohio, Guiteau in Illinois) by a single, widowed parent.  (Sarah Vowell, Assassination Vacation, 2005) This rule applies also if you are writing something formal and following a style guide, such as the Chicago Manual of Style, MLA Style, American Psychological Association Publication Manual (APA), or Associated Press Style (AP).   When to Use State Abbreviations In bibliographies,  lists, charts where space is at a premium, reference lists, footnotes and endnotes, and in mailing addresses, state names are usually shortened  using the postal abbreviation. This applies to  Chicago Manual of Style  and the American psychological Association Style (APA). The two-letter, no-period state abbreviations recommended by the U.S. Postal Service (See Postal Abbreviations in the chart below.) should always be used where a Zone Improvement Plan (ZIP) code follows. These postal  abbreviations may also be used in any context where abbreviations are appropriate. Some writers and editors still prefer to use the older forms of state abbreviations. (See Traditional Abbreviations in the table below.) If you follow this practice, be consistent in your use of the traditional abbreviations, and remember that eight states (Alaska, Hawaii, Idaho, Iowa, Maine, Ohio, Texas, and Utah) are only rarely abbreviated when using the older (pre-ZIP code) forms. Why the ZIP Code Abbreviations Were Developed Before 1963, there were no ZIP  codes used on postal mail in the United States, and the U.S. Post Office preferred that people wrote out state and territory names  completely  to avoid confusion in sorting mail. In the early 1800s, it had established a standardized list of acceptable abbreviations, updating it in 1874. The list remained relatively unchanged until ZIP codes were introduced.   The addition of seven additional characters on a final address line (ZIP code plus two spaces) necessitated the shortening of state abbreviations to fewer characters. The Post Office aimed to fit the final address line into 23 characters to accommodate major addressing systems. U.S. or US for United States Finally, United States may be abbreviated to U.S. when used as an adjective, but in formal writing, its customarily spelled out as a noun. If you are following the Chicago Manual, youll remove the periods to become US except in bibliography or reference entries pertaining to U.S. statutes, court cases, and other legal-context usages, which retain the periods. If youre following APA or AP, you  will keep  the periods there too. MLA prefers to spell out United States as an adjective or a noun in running text. List of State Abbreviations This handy chart has both the postal and the traditional abbreviations, for your reference: STATE POSTAL ABBREVIATION TRADITIONAL ABBREVIATION Alabama AL Ala. Alaska AK Alaska Arizona AZ Ariz. Arkansas AR Ark. California CA Calif. Colorado CO Colo. Connecticut CT Conn. Delaware DE Del. District of Columbia DC D.C. Florida FL Fla. Georgia GA Ga. Hawaii HI Hawaii Idaho ID Idaho Illinois IL Ill. Indiana IN Ind. Iowa IA Iowa Kansas KS Kans. Kentucky KY Ky. Louisiana LA La. Maine ME Maine Maryland MD Md. Massachusetts MA Mass. Michigan MI Mich. Minnesota MN Minn. Mississippi MS Miss. Missouri MO Mo. Montana MT Mont. Nebraska NE Neb. or Nebr. Nevada NV Nev. New Hampshire NH N.H. New Jersey NJ N.J. New Mexico NM N.Mex. New York NY N.Y. North Carolina NC N.C. North Dakota ND N.Dak. Ohio OH Ohio Oklahoma OK Okla. Oregon OR Ore. or Oreg. Pennsylvania PA Pa. Rhode Island RI R.I. South Carolina SC S.C. South Dakota SD S.Dak. Tennessee TN Tenn. Texas TX Tex. or Texas Utah UT Utah Vermont VT Vt. Virginia VA Va. Washington WA Wash. West Virginia WV W.Va. Wisconsin WI Wis. or Wisc. Wyoming WY Wyo.